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d obstructive sialolithiasis to autoimmune syndromes and neoplasms, these disorders necessitate comprehensive evaluation and tailored management strategies. Advances in diagnostic imaging and minimally invasive treatments have improved outcomes, yet chall

ermediate, and epidermoid cells Graded as low, intermediate, or high grade based on cellular features, cyst formation, and invasion 2. Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma Characteristic features: Cribriform (“Swiss cheese”) pattern Perineural invasion Slow but relentless growth wi